Cutting tool



March 1951 A. F. LABROZZI ET AL. 2,546,455

CUTTING TOOL Filed Oct. 6, 1947 Faten ted Mar. 27, 1951 CUTTING TOOL Anthony F. Labrozzi and Elmer M. Twelves, Philadelphia, Pa., assignors to Carey-McFall Co., Philadelphia, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania Application October 6, 1947, Serial No. 778,258

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in cutting tools, and especially to cutting tools employing carbide and other superhard cutting elements. 7 In machining certain metals by the-use of carbide and other super-hard cutting tools, a glaze finish very often is produced on the surface of the machined metal. This glaze finish or surface usually is so smooth and slippery that the tolerances and specifications for the job can no longer be met. Thus, in the case of railroad car wheels and axles, the specifications generally require that the wheel bore to receive the axle shall be, for example, 0.001 inch less in diameter for each 1.0 inch diameter of the axle on which the wheel is to be pressed and that the pressure required to press the wheel on the axle shall be within a specified range of tonnages for a given axle diameter. However, when machining the axle bore of the car wheel with super-hard cutting tools, it has been found that the glaze finish or surface produced on the wall of the bore is so smooth and slippery that it reduces the resistance of a wheel being pressed on its axle to an extent that'the required press tonnages cannot be attained at the tolerances specified for the "wheel bore diameter. This condition also exists iii-other instances than car wheel and axle work which is referred to for purposes of illustration only.

With-the foregoing in mind, the principal object of the present invention is to provide a cutting tool for carbide and other super-hard cutting tips which is provided with novel means for roughing-up the smooth glaze finish or surface produced by such super-hard cutting elements.

Another object of the invention is to provide a cutting tool having surface-roughing means as set forth which is in the form of a burr adapted to engage the glazed surface produced by superhard cutting elements.

Another object of the invention is to provide a cutting tool as set forth wherein the roughing burr is resiliently seated and means are provided for adjusting the force of the resilient seat against the burr. v

p A further object of the invention is to provide a novel cutting tool having the features and advantages described which is of relatively simplifled construction, inexpensive to manufacture, and highly efiicient and foolproof in operation and use.

4 Claims. (01. 29-97) 2 Y. set forth and described with reference to the accompanying drawing; in which:

Fig. 1 is a view in perspective of a cutting tool made according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a plan View, partially in section, of the tool shown in Fig. 1. I

Fig. 3 is an end elevational view of the tool; and

Fig. 4 is a side elevational view thereof.

Referring now to the drawing, a cutting tool 7 made according to the present invention com- These and other objects of the invention and the various features and details of the construction and operation thereof, are hereinafter fully prises a shank or body I which preferably is composed of a tough grade of steel. The shank or body I is of generally rectangular form having parallel plane faces in one of which there is provided a recess 2 of predetermined c0nfigura-' tion arranged to receive therein a tungsten carbide or other super-hard cutting tip or element 3, and a clamp block 4 for securing the tip or element 3 in said recess 2.

The clamp block 4 is secured in clamping engagement upon the cutting tip or element 3 by means of a clamp bolt 5 which is threaded into the shank or body I of the tool and has its enlarged head portion disposed within a recess or counterbore provided in the clamp 4 whereby the plane surface or face of the tool is preserved. In addition, and in order to preclude any pivotal movement of the clamp block 4 about the bolt 5 relative to the shank or body I, the said clamp block 4 is provided with a projecting arm portion 8 that is received snugly within a correspondingly shaped extension 9 of the recess provided in the said shank or body I.

In the illustrated embodiment of the invention, the cutting tip or tool 3 is of predetermined shape or configuration having angularly related surface portions that cooperate to provide a cutting edge I0 on the tip which projects furthermost therefrom in position for engagement with the article or surface to be machined thereby; Minor adjustments of the cutting tip 3 and its edge I0 relative to the tool body I may be effected by means of an adjusting screw I l which is threaded internally of the body and disposed in backing engagement with the said tip 3. A lock screw I la may be provided for the adjusting screw II as shown.

With reference to Fig. 2 of the drawing, there is provided longitudinally through the shank or body I a bore or passage I2 which is located laterally adjacent the cutting tip 3 and opens outwardly through the end face I3 of the body from which the cutting edge In of the tip 3 is projected. Mounted within the bore or passage roughing-up :the smooth glazed =upon metal machined :thereby. The invention :also provides abutting tool asset-forth having a surface-roughing means in the form of .a burr super-hard cutting elements.

12 is a burr or roughing element M which has its outer end face provided with a series of closely spaced parallel sawtooth-like cutting edges 15. The burr I4 is positioned longitudinally with respect to the bore I2 so that the cutting edges l5 thereon project a small distance beyond the tip cutting edge In, for example, as best shown in Fig. 4 of .the drawing, and the'burr I4jpreferably is anchored against rotation within the bore or passage 12, in a position rotationally with respect thereto, so that the said sawtooth cutting edges I5 are disposed at an acute angle of, for example, about 45 to the side faces of the tool shank or body I and to the tip cuttingedge l 'asshown.

The burr [4 may be secured' rotationally within the bore or passage 12 by means of a pin or the like l6 which extends through the body -I and engages a recessed fiat 1 provided in the said burr element 14. This flat ll preferably has a width greater than the diameter of the pin 1.6 in order to permit of relatively limited axial movement of theburr I4 longitudinally within the bore 12 against the force of a-coil spring or like resilient member i8 which operates normally to urge the burr to its outermost projected position. The spring'or like member l8 permits the burr Hi to lee-displaced or actuated a short distance inwardly of the body against the force of the said spring to the extent permitted' by'the width of the .flat so that some give or :yield tothe burr isa-iforded as a safety meas- -ure.

of the drawing.

In operation, the cutting tool and work to be machined are moved relative to one another in a predetermined direction of travel such that the cutting tip 3 precedes or leads the burr M which trails the cutting tip '3 and subsequently engages the smooth glazed machined surface produced by the super-hard cutting tip 3 and effectively roughens and destroys the glaze surface .to-an extent that the tolerances and specifications for a given ,job'can be met, it being noted that during such relative movement the parallel sawtooth cutting-edges l of burr Mare disposed 'atiangles of about 45 to the direction -of' relative travel between the cutting tool and work. In other words, and considering ag'ain theexample of the car wheel and axle previously described, the glazed surface produced in machining-a wheel bore to the specified dimensions isso effectively roughened by the burr is that the wheel can be pressed upon its axle only 'by the application of pressure well within the range of tonnages specified for that diameter of axle.

From the foregoing description, it will be observed that .the present invention provides acutiting tool for carbide and other super-hard cutting tips which is provided with novel'mean's 'for surfaceiproduced adapted to engage the glaze surface produced by Furthermore, "the invention provides a novel cutting tool as set forth wherein the-roughing burr is resiliently addition, the invention provides a novel cutting tool having the features and characteristics described which is of relatively simplified construction, inexpensive to manufacture and highly foolproof and efiicient in operation and. use.

While a particular embodiment of the present invention has been illustrated and described herein, it is not intended to limit the invention to such disclosure and changes and modifications may be made therein and thereto within the scope of the following claims.

We claim:

1. A cutting tool comprising a body member,

a burr element mounted in the body member with its outer end projectingslightly beyond a face of the body imember, a spring providing a yieldable seat for the burr element, and a member "adjustable at will to vary the force exerted by the spring upon the burr element.

2. A cutting tool comprising a body member, a burr element mounted in the body member with its outer end projecting slightly .beyond .a face of the bodymember, means predeterminedly positioning said burr element relative to the body member, -a spring providing a yieldable seat for the burr -1e1ement,-and a member adjustableat will to vary theforce exerted-by'the spring upon the burr element.

the direction of relative travel-between the cutting tools and work.

4. A cutting tool for use inoperations Wherein the tool and. work to be machined are moved relatively to one another in a predetermined direction of travel,- said tool comprising a body member, a burr element mounted in the -body member with its outer end projecting slightly beyond a face of the body member and provided on its projecting end face with a seriesof closely spaced parallel cutting edges, and *means comprising a pin in said body member engaging a flat on said burr'element for positively positioning the burr element within the body member so that the parallel cutting edges thereof are disposed at angles of about 45 to the direction of relative travel between the cutting tool-and work.

ANTHONY LABROZZI.

ELMER M. TVIELVES.

REFERENCES CIT-ED The "following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,392,285 Gauthier Jan. 1-, 1 946 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 464,137 GreatBrita'in .Apr. 1 3} 193 639,824

France Mar. 11; 192B 

